DAYTON — “Spring is upon us and it can be a very volatile season as the air masses in the atmosphere battle to control the skies. As large storm systems traverse the country, they bring with them the threat for severe weather to the Miami Valley.
There are 4 main ingredients needed for severe weather and meteorologists use the acronym, SLIM to tell us what those ingredients are. First, we need wind shear, that is the change of wind direction or changing of wind speed with height. Second, you need lift, which is rising air. You often hear the term, instability, which is an important factor for severe weather and of course moisture in the atmosphere is also a component.
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Let’s look at how the atmosphere cooks up these ingredients. Generally everyday you can look at a weather map and see a large comma shaped storm system or low pressure system moving across the United States but may not know how the make-up of that system affects severe weather.
Remember our ingredients for severe weather, SLIM. Wind shear is the first ingredient. The area of low pressure with its counterclockwise spin in the atmosphere and the west/northwesterly flow behind a cold front helps with the changing of wind direction with height. Next, we need something to lift the air so that it can cool and condense to form storms. A frontal boundary forces the air to rise. So a warm front and a cold front help with that. Areas of low pressure also forces air to rise. Instability is another factor needed.
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Instability is warm air rising and interacting with cold air above. The warm front provides our instability with the warm temperatures. Finally, we need moisture in the atmosphere, the warm front taps into a large body of water, the Gulf of Mexico and that provides ample moisture or humidity in the atmosphere.
As these storm systems move eastward, as weather travels west to east at this latitude of the earth, that brings the threat of severe weather to the Miami Valley.”
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February 27, 2020 at 04:43AM
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What are the ingredients for severe weather? - WHIO
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